Wire drawing oil is mainly used in the metal (such as copper, aluminum) wire drawing process of the wire and cable industry, playing roles in lubrication, cooling, cleaning, etc. As the working time of the wire drawing fluid increases, free acids and alkalis in the wire drawing fluid gradually accumulate, which reduces the lubricating capacity of the wire drawing fluid. In severe cases, this will cause wire breakage. At this point, the wire drawing fluid needs to be replaced, and wire drawing oil wastewater is generated accordingly. The treatment process of copper wire drawing fluid waste mainly consists of demulsification, oil-water separation, oil removal, copper removal, adjustment, and oil-water combination.
In the fiberglass industry, industrial wastewater mainly consists of rinsing water containing sizing agents discharged during the fiber drawing process, rinsing water containing binders from the felt-making process, and a small amount of resin-containing wastewater from fiberglass production. The sizing agent-containing wastewater discharged from the fiber drawing workshop accounts for approximately 80-90% of the total wastewater in the fiberglass industry. Therefore, fiber drawing wastewater is the primary source of pollution in the fiberglass industry. Fiberglass drawing wastewater is an organic wastewater, but its characteristics vary greatly depending on the type of sizing agent used.
Coal tar wastewater mainly comes from processes such as coking, gas purification, and refining of chemical products, with a complex water quality composition. During coking, coal is thermally cracked to release combined water. Water vapor is drawn out of the coke oven together with raw carbonization gas, and condensed into condensate water after cooling in the primary cooler, which is called surplus ammonia water. This wastewater contains high concentrations of ammonia, phenols, cyanides, sulfides, and organic oils, making it the main source of wastewater for sewage treatment stations. Coal tar wastewater has a complex composition, and its pollutants are divided into two categories: organic and inorganic. Inorganic pollutants generally exist in the form of ammonium salts, while organic pollutants are mainly phenolic compounds, including aliphatic compounds, heterocyclic compounds, and polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs). The water quality varies significantly; it contains a large amount of refractory substances and has poor biodegradability.
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